Treatment of a fine soil of high plasticity with mineral coal bottom ash activated with cement, for use as a road subgrade

Authors

  • Luisa Esther Shuan Lucas Faculty of Civil Engineering, National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1228-5835
  • Luis Enrique Carbajal Castrejon Faculty of Civil Engineering, National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú
  • Ana Victoria Torre Carrillo Faculty of Civil Engineering, National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú
  • Isabel Moromi Nakata Faculty of Civil Engineering, National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú
  • Diego Vargas Jimenez Faculty of Civil Engineering, National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú
  • Kennedyn Edilberto Escobedo Rodríguez Faculty of Civil Engineering, National University of Engineering, Lima, Perú
  • Carmen Martha Reyes Cubas Facultad de Ingeniería Civil, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima, Perú

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21754/tecnia.v34i2.2220

Keywords:

soil stabilization, subgrade, California Bearing ratio, bottom ash, sustainability

Abstract

The current trend in soil stabilization involves the application of sustainable alternatives utilizing local materials. This study proposes the treatment of high plasticity fine soil sourced from Cajamarca, Perú, using mineral coal bottom ash (BA) and cement. The soil was classified as A-7-5 (27) of the AASHTO system, has low-quality as a subgrade, with a CBR 2.0% that does not meet resistance specifications. With the addition of BA, an improvement in the geotechnical properties was evidenced by a  reduction in plasticity and fines content, however, the CBR only increased from 2.0%  to 2.4% with 30% BA content. To enhance the effectiveness of BA, Type I Portland cement  was incorporated at dosages of 1.0%, 1.5%, 2%, and 4.0%, the results were satisfactory,  CBR values exceeded the required minimum. In a soil sample  with 1% cement and 30% BA,  CBR 14.1%  was obtained. With 1.5% cement and BA between 10%  and 30% the CBR increased ranging 13.7% to 72% respectively. This study concludes that the addition of a small quantity of cement significantly impacts the pozzolanic reaction, and the CBR increases according to the BA content.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

J. Rivera, A. Aguirre, R. Gutierrez, A. Orobio “Estabilización química de suelos - Materiales convencionales y activados alcalinamente (revisión)”. Informador Técnico, 84(2), jul-dic 2020, pp. 202-226, doi: 10.23850/22565035.2530

Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones. “Manual de Carreteras Suelos, Geología, Geotecnia y Pavimentos-Sección Suelos y Pavimentos”. Lima Perú. 2014, pp. 20-21. [Online]. Available: https://www.gob.pe/institucion/mtc/normas-legales/4441297-10-2014-mtc-14

ASTM D1883-21 “Standard Test Method for California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of Laboratory-Compacted Soils”. Annual Book of ASTM Standards. West Conshohocken, United States, 2021

Instituto Peruano de Economía, “Cajamarca: Economía creció 4.2% en 2022, pero se desaceleró al cierre del año”. IPE. [Online]. Available: https://www.ipe.org.pe/portal/cajamarca-economia-crecio-4-2-en-2022-pero-se-desacelero-al-cierre-del-ano/

M. Rojas, “Perspectivas de procesamiento y uso del carbón mineral Peruano”, Ingeniería Industrial, no. 26, jun. 2008, pp.231-250, doi: 10.26439/ing.ind2008.n026.642

C. J. Lynn, G.S Ghataora and R.K Dhir “Municipal incinerated bottom ash (MIBA) characteristics and potential for use in road pavements” International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp.185-201, mar. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.ijprt.2016.12.003

M.H Abdullah, A.S. Rashid, U.H.M Anuar, A. Marto and R. Abuelgasim, “Bottom ash utilization: A review on engineering applications and environmental aspects”, IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., no. 527, 2019, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/527/1/012006

K.J. Osinubi, “Stabilization of Tropical Black Clay with Cement and Pulverized Coal Bottom Ash. Admixture”, Advances in Unsaturated Geotechnics, apr. 2012, doi: 10.1061/40510(287)20

A. Bhurtel, A Eisazadeh. “Strength and Durability of Bottom Ash and Lime Stabilized Bangkok Clay”, KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 404–411, dec. 2019, doi: 10.1007/s12205-019-0850-3

10 F. Sana, F. Haq, “Subgrade stabilization using cement and rice husk ash”, Global Scientific Journals, vol. 8, no. 7, pp 1231-1237, jul.2020. [Online]. Available: http://www.globalscientificjournal.com/researchpaper/SUBGRADE_STABILIZATION_USING_CEMENT_AND_RICE_HUSK_ASH.pdf

11 E. A Basha, R. Hashim, H.B Mahmud, A.S. Muntohar, “Stabilization of residual soil with rice husk ash and cement” Construction and Building Materials, vol 19, pp 448–453, July 2005, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2004.08.001

12 P. A Krishnan, V.P. Gokul, B. Adithya and A.K. Sharma, “Bottom Ash Stabilized Subgrade Soil Admixed with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash”, Earthquake Geotechnics. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 187, pp.179-188, 2022, doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-5669-9_15

J. Gross, W. Adaska, “Guide to Cement-Stabilized Subgrade Soils”. Portland Cement Association (PCA)”, National Concrete Pavement Technology Center, Iowa State University, Ames, IA. 2020. [Online]. Available: https://secement.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/SR1007P-guide-to-css.pdf

G. Halsted, W. Adaska, W. McConnell, “Guide to Cement-Modified Soil (CMS)”, EB242 Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Illinois, USA, 2008. [Online]. Available: https://secement.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/EB242.pdf

ASTM D1633-17 “Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Molded Soil-Cement Cylinders”. Annual Book of ASTM Standards. West Conshohocken, United State, 2018.

ASTM D559/D559M-15 “Standard Test Method for Wetting and Drying Compacted Soil-Cement Mixtures”. Annual Book of ASTM Standards. West Conshohocken, United State, 2023.

ASTM D560/D560M-16 “Standard Test Method for Freezing and Thawing Compacted Soil-Cement Mixtures”. Annual Book of ASTM Standards. West Conshohocken, United State, 2016.

ASTM C150/C150M-22 “Standard Specification for Portland Cement”. Annual Book of ASTM Standards. West Conshohocken, United States, 2022.

NTP 334.009:2023. Cementos Portland. Requisitos. 9th Edición. Dirección de Normalización INACAL, Lima, Perú, 2024.

ASTM D1557-12 “Standard Test Method for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2,700 kN-m/m3))”. Annual Book of ASTM Standards. West Conshohocken, United States.2021

Downloads

Published

2024-12-26

How to Cite

[1]
L. E. Shuan Lucas, “Treatment of a fine soil of high plasticity with mineral coal bottom ash activated with cement, for use as a road subgrade”, TECNIA, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 28–39, Dec. 2024.

Issue

Vol. 34 No. 2 (2024)

Section

Civil Engineering, Geotechnics and Earthquake Resistance

License

Copyright (c) 2024 TECNIA

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Articles published by TECNIA can be shared under the international Creative Commons license: CC BY 4.0. Permissions beyond this scope can be inquired via email at tecnia@uni.edu.pe.

Most read articles by the same author(s)