Colombia's experience with reductions in social security contributions and their effects on employment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21754/iecos.v14i0.1195Keywords:
government, informality rate, policyAbstract
The government that took office in Colombia in August 2010 undertook a radical shift in labor market policy. The reasons for these changes are to be found, in large part, in the policy priorities set by the government that preceded it. It placed great emphasis on stimulating domestic and foreign investment, mainly through general tax exemptions and especially for the acquisition of capital assets. At the same time, the monthly social security contributions of workers increased significantly, with the aggravating factor that the tax component of these contributions also increased. Finally, the minimum wage grew gradually but steadily. In the broader macroeconomic context, the process of revaluation of the national currency, which has been going on for a decade, should be highlighted.
Downloads
References
Arpaia, A., & Carone, G. (2004). Do labour taxes (and their composition) affect wages in the short and in the long run? Economic Papers No 216, Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs, European Commission.
Azemar, C., & Desbordes, R. (2010). Who ultimately bears the burden of greater non-wage labour costs? University of Strathclyde, Discussion Papers in Economics No 10-04.
Baran, J. (1996). Payroll taxation and employment: A literature survey. Industry Canada, Occasional Paper No 15.
Bennmarker, H., Mellander, E., & Ockert, B. (2008). Do regional payroll tax reductions boost employment? IFAU Working Paper 2008: 19.
Botero, J. (2011). Desempleo e informalidad en Colombia. Un modelo de equilibrio general computable. mimeo, Universidad EAFIT.
Bustamante, J. P. (2011). Los retos de la economía informal en Colombia. Notas Fiscales No. 9, Ministerio de Hacienda y Crédito Público, Centro de Estudios Fiscales.
Caldas, C. (2011). Formalización empresarial: Avances y retos. Presentación a la 48 Asamblea Nacional Confecámaras, Cámara de Comercio de Bogotá.
Corbacho, A., Fretes-Cibils, V., & Lora, E. (Eds.). (2013). Recaudar no basta: Los impuestos como instrumento de desarrollo. BID.
Cruces, G., Galiani, S., & Kidyba, S. (2010). Payroll taxes, wages and employment: Identification through policy changes. Labour Economics, 14(4).
Daveri, F. (2002). Labor taxes and unemployment. A survey of the aggregate evidence. CeRP Working Paper No 18.
Departamento Nacional de Planeación - DNP. (2011). Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2010-2014. Prosperidad para todos. Bogotá.
Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales - DIAN. (2013). Primer informe sobre la aplicación de la Ley 1429 de 2010, cifras y estimación del costo fiscal año gravable 2011. Coordinación de Estudios Económicos, Cuaderno de Trabajo No 49.
Econopubblica. (2011). The role and impact of labour taxation policies. Informe para la Comisión Europea, Universitá Bocconi.
European Commission. (2012). Towards a job-rich recovery. Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.
Farné, S., & Rodríguez, O. A. (2013). ¿Bajar los impuestos al trabajo genera empleo? Ley 1607 de 2012 de reforma tributaria en Colombia. Cuadernos de Trabajo, No 14, Departamento de Seguridad Social y Mercado de Trabajo, Universidad Externado de Colombia.
Gamero, J., & Carrasco, G. (2011). Trabajo informal y políticas de protección social. WIEGO-CIES Perú.
Gruber, J. (1997). The incidence of payroll taxation: Evidence from Chile. Journal of Labor Economics, 15(3).
Hernández, G. (2011). Impuestos parafiscales y mercado laboral: Un análisis de equilibrio general computable. Archivos de Economía, Documento No 378.
Kesselman, J. (1996). Payroll taxes in the finance of social security. Canadian Public Policy, 22(2).
Korkeamaki, O. (2011). The Finnish payroll tax cut experiment revisited. Government Institute for Economic Research, VATT Working Paper No 22/2011.
Korkeamaki, O., & Uusitalo, R. (2006). Employment effects of a payroll-tax cut: Evidence from a regional tax exemption experiment. IFAU Working Paper 2006: 10.
Kugler, A. (2005). Wage-shifting effects of severance payments savings accounts in Colombia. Journal of Public Economics, 89.
Kugler, A., & Kugler, M. (2008). Labor market effects of payroll taxes in a developing country: Evidence from Colombia. NBER Working Paper No 13855.
Lora, E., & Fajardo, J. (2012). Employment and taxes in Latin America: An empirical study of the effects of payroll, corporate income, and value-added taxes on labor outcomes. IDB Working Paper Series No IDB-WP-334.
Melguizo, A., & González-Páramo, J. (2012). Who bears labour taxes and social contributions? A meta-analysis approach. Journal of the Spanish Economic Association.
Ministerio de Hacienda de Colombia. (2012). Reforma tributaria para la equidad y el empleo. Presentación ppt.
Ministerio de Trabajo de Perú. (2009). Micro y pequeñas empresas: Régimen laboral especial de la nueva ley Mype. mimeo.
Observatorio del Mercado de Trabajo y la Seguridad Social. (2011). ¿La Ley 1429 de 2010 ha formalizado el empleo en Colombia? Boletín No 13, Universidad Externado de Colombia.
Office of the United States Trade Representative. (2011). Colombian action plan related to labor rights. Executive Office of the President. Disponible en: http://www.ustr.gov/about-us/press-office/press-releases/2011/april/release-colombian-action-plan-related-labor-rights
Ooghe, E., Schokkaert, E., & Flechet, J. (2003). The incidence of social security contributions: An empirical analysis. Empirica, 30(2).
Organización Internacional del Trabajo - OIT. (2012). Panorama laboral 2012. Oficina Regional de la OIT para América Latina y el Caribe.
República de Colombia. (2012). Proyecto de Ley No 166 de 2012. Gaceta del Congreso, Año XXI, No 666.
Sánchez, C. (2012). Una visión ponderada de la legislación laboral: Comentarios al Régimen MYPE y a la propuesta de «Ley de la Nueva Empresa». Derecho PUCP, No 68.
Summers, L. (1989). What can economics contribute to social policy? American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, 79(2).
Unidad de Gestión Pensional y Parafiscales - UGPP. (2012). Comunicado de prensa. Marzo 30.
Unidad de Gestión Pensional y Parafiscales - UGPP. (2013). Desarrollo metodológico: Selección de empresas con indicios de incumplimientos de requisitos de Ley 1429. Presentación ppt.
World Bank. (2009). Estimating the impact of labor taxes on employment and balance of the social insurance funds in Turkey. Synthesis Report, Human Development Sector Unit, Europe and Central Asia Region.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2013 Stefano Farné
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
CC BY 4.0 DEED Attribution 4.0 International