Economía del Comportamiento: Convergencias entre la Economía y la Psicología
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21754/iecos.v27i1.2798Palabras clave:
economía conductual, heurística, racionalidad limitada, teoría de la perspectiva, nudgesResumen
Se sintetizan los fundamentos de los autores y sus aportes a la Economía del Comportamiento (Behavioral Economics), destacando su convergencia con la psicología y sus implicaciones para la teoría y la política económica. Se realiza una revisión de la literatura económica clásica y contemporánea (siglos XVIII–XXI), con énfasis en las contribuciones de Smith, Hume, Mill, Bentham, Veblen, así como de Simon, Katona, Becker, Sen, Akerlof, Kahneman y Tversky, Vernon Smith, Shiller, Thaler, y sus conexiones con la psicología de Skinner, Festinger, Mischel, Gilbert, Gigerenzer, Ariely y Loewenstein. Se sistematizan los avances que cuestionan el modelo del homo economicus, mostrando cómo las normas sociales, las emociones, las identidades y los límites cognitivos moldean las decisiones individuales y de mercado, con aplicaciones en finanzas conductuales, bienestar y políticas públicas basadas en el nudge. Asimismo, se comentan los debates sobre la replicabilidad, la validez externa, la racionalidad ecológica y las instituciones. Se concluye que la integración de la economía y la psicología proporciona una serie de microfundamentos descriptivos más realistas, útiles para orientar el diseño de intervenciones públicas y privadas.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Luis Felipe Arizmendi Echecopar
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